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    <mxCell id="node2" value="策略：在V5 ald6Δ GPD1过表达菌株中，分别过表达天然NADH依赖型Bdh1和工程NADPH依赖型Bdh1（221,222,223）" style="rounded=1;whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;fillColor=#d5e8d4;strokeColor=#82b366;fontSize=13;fontStyle=1;verticalAlign=middle;align=center;" vertex="1" parent="1">
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    <mxCell id="node3" value="关键改造①：GPD1过表达（pVT100U-ZEO-GPD1）引导碳流向甘油；敲除ALD6减少乙酸" style="rounded=1;whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;fillColor=#fff2cc;strokeColor=#d6b656;fontSize=12;verticalAlign=middle;align=center;" vertex="1" parent="1">
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    <mxCell id="node4" value="关键改造②：过表达BDH1（NADH依赖型）催化acetoin→2,3-BD" style="rounded=1;whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;fillColor=#fff2cc;strokeColor=#d6b656;fontSize=12;verticalAlign=middle;align=center;" vertex="1" parent="1">
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    <mxCell id="node5" value="关键改造③：过表达BDH1 221,222,223（NADPH依赖型突变体）" style="rounded=1;whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;fillColor=#fff2cc;strokeColor=#d6b656;fontSize=12;verticalAlign=middle;align=center;" vertex="1" parent="1">
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    <mxCell id="node6" value="结果①：Bdh1过表达使83%~90%的acetoin转化为2,3-BD（从5.9~7.6降至0.8~1.2 g/L）" style="rounded=1;whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;fillColor=#f8cecc;strokeColor=#b85450;fontSize=12;verticalAlign=middle;align=center;" vertex="1" parent="1">
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    <mxCell id="node7" value="结果②：双乙酰产量减半（32.7→14.3~16.0 μg/L）；甘油产量降低或接近；乙醇减少20%（降醇2.1~2.8度）" style="rounded=1;whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;fillColor=#f8cecc;strokeColor=#b85450;fontSize=12;verticalAlign=middle;align=center;" vertex="1" parent="1">
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    <mxCell id="node8" value="结果③：高级醇和酯类影响很小，异戊醇进一步降低；敲除BDH1证实其为2,3-BD合成酶" style="rounded=1;whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;fillColor=#f8cecc;strokeColor=#b85450;fontSize=12;verticalAlign=middle;align=center;" vertex="1" parent="1">
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    <mxCell id="node9" value="结论：Bdh1合成水平与NADH可用性共同限制acetoin还原；过表达Bdh1（NADH或NADPH依赖型）可将大部分acetoin转化为感官中性的2,3-BD并降低双乙酰，为开发低乙醇、理想风味的葡萄酒酵母提供新途径" style="rounded=1;whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;fillColor=#e1d5e7;strokeColor=#9673a6;fontSize=12;fontStyle=1;verticalAlign=middle;align=center;" vertex="1" parent="1">
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